MediWeek

Historically, physical activity guidelines emphasised on time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity as the main metric for recommendations. However, daily step counts offer an alternative: they are simple, easily understood, and can be tracked using pedometers, accelerometers, or modern activity trackers. Although step counts cannot capture all activities—such as cycling or wheelchair-based movements—they effectively reflect ambulatory activities […]

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder in which blockage of the upper airway occurs repeatedly during sleep, posing as a significant public health concern. It leads to excessive daytime sleepiness, snoring, poor sleep quality, and hampered quality of life. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard therapy for OSA due

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the main causes of cognitive decline and death among the elderly population. The prevalence of AD is increasing, with a rise in the aging population. It is caused by an imbalance between the production and clearance of amyloid-β peptides in the brain. Effective dietary interventions can decrease the burden

The global burden of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has intensified in the recent decades, driven in part by increased consumption of energy-dense beverages such as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). In response, many individuals have adopted diet beverages (DBs) as a perceived healthier alternative, aiming to achieve weight loss without added caloric intake. However, the

Air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅), is a recognized environmental risk factor that contributes to systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired cardiopulmonary function—factors associated with increased morbidity and premature mortality [1,2]. Notably, exposure to air pollution is not evenly distributed, and low-income populations more likely to reside in high-pollution neighborhoods, raising concerns about environmental

Chronic low back pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent and burdensome health conditions globally, affecting individuals across all age groups. It is the leading cause of disability worldwide and contributes significantly to healthcare costs and lost productivity. While clinical guidelines emphasize remaining physically active for those already experiencing chronic LBP, evidence regarding physical

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) refers to reversible airway obstruction in response to a stimulus. It is an early marker of airway inflammation and a precursor to chronic respiratory disease such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a key risk factor associated with increased airway inflammation, allergic sensitization, and the

Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. While most efforts target iron deficiency anemia, ID without anemia is also common and carries important health consequences. Traditional diagnostic methods rely heavily on hematologic markers like hemoglobin or bone marrow iron, often overlooking effects of low iron levels on other organs—especially the brain. Iron

Dementia, a clinical syndrome marked by cognitive decline affecting daily functioning, poses major personal and societal burdens. This underscores the need for primary prevention strategies. Diet, being a modifiable risk factor, has emerged as a key focus of primary prevention. Excessive sugar intake contributes to obesity and diabetes, both of which are known dementia risk

Diet is undoubtedly  a key determinant of chronic disease, premature death, physical frailty, and healthy aging. In general, carbohydrates account for approximately 50% of the total energy intake in developed countries, with refined carbohydraetes accounting for 42% of the total calorie intake and only 8% of the total calorie intake is from high-quality carbohydrates such