Lacto-ovo-vegetarian (which include dairy and eggs) and vegan diets (include only plant-based diet; exclude all animal-based foods) are becoming increasingly popular among families, with many parents choosing plant-based eating patterns for their children. While such diets are considered healthy for adults, experts continue to debate whether they adequately meet the unique nutritional needs of growing children and adolescents.
A recent comprehensive review by Lotti et al., evaluated lacto-ovo-vegetarian and vegan diets in children worldwide in comparison with omnivorous diets, with particular attention to nutrient intake, growth, bone health, and key biochemical markers. The findings suggest that these plant-based dietary patterns can support normal growth when appropriately planned; however, inadequate use of fortified foods or supplements may increase the risk of micronutrient deficiencies—primarily iron, calcium, and vitamin B12—underscoring the need for careful dietary management (see the Graphic for the study snapshot).
Source: Lotti S, Panizza G, Martini D, Marx W, Beasley JM, Colombini B, Dinu M. Lacto-ovo-vegetarian and vegan diets in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis of nutritional and health outcomes. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Dec 11:1-21. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2025.2572983.